EVOLUTION OF SAFETY CULTURE IN CIVIL AVIATION

Abstract

The evolution of safety culture in civil aviation has traversed distinct eras, each marked by technological advancements, human factors considerations, organizational developments, and responses to economic phases. In the technical era, safety primarily relied on technological improvements, such as aircraft design enhancements and navigation systems.

The human factor era emphasized the crucial role of human behavior in aviation safety. Crew resource management and training became focal points, recognizing the impact of communication and decision-making on safety outcomes. The organizational era saw the establishment of safety management systems, fostering a proactive safety culture within aviation organizations. This era stressed the importance of reporting and analyzing safety incidents to prevent future occurrences.

The total system era broadened the scope beyond individual organizations to encompass the entire aviation system. Collaboration between industry stakeholders, regulators, and international organizations became paramount for ensuring a holistic approach to safety. Economic phases brought about cycles of regulation, deregulation, liberalization, and reregulation, influencing safety practices. Deregulation led to increased competition but also raised concerns about safety oversight, prompting subsequent reevaluation and regulation.

Through these phases, civil aviation has adapted, incorporating lessons from accidents and technological advancements, ultimately enhancing safety protocols across the industry.