Legal norms regulating aviation training

Abstract

This article examines the legal framework governing aviation training within a multi-level aviation law system encompassing international law, European Union law, and national regulations. The analysis is grounded in the Convention on International Civil Aviation and the regulatory activity of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which constitute the normative foundation of the global aviation safety system, including pilot training and personnel licensing. Attention is devoted to the Annexes to the Chicago Convention—especially Annexes 1, 6, 10, and 19—as primary sources of international standards defining competency-based, organizational, and systemic requirements for aviation training.
Further analyses cover aspects of the European Union aviation law framework, with a focus on the regulatory competences of the European Commission and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). The study explores the harmonization of mechanisms governing training and licensing requirements and examines the evolution of the EU regulatory approach towards competency-based models, including Competency-Based Training and Assessment (CBTA) and Evidence-Based Training (EBT).
The final part addresses the national aviation law system in Poland, with reference to the role of the Minister of Infrastructure and the Civil Aviation Authority operating under the Aviation Law Act. It is demonstrated that Polish regulations concerning aviation training are predominantly executive in nature with respect to European Union law and ICAO standards, while retaining regulatory autonomy in the organization of administrative oversight. The article concludes that the current regulatory model ensures systemic coherence, a high level of training safety, and international compatibility of aviation personnel competencies.